Mitochondrial DNA sequencing

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequencing is the method to establish a relatedness, or unrelatedness, of populations.

For instance, it was established by way of mtDNA sequencing that the Neanderthalers were no ancestors of homo sapiens, and that Przewalski's horse was not an ancestor of our domestic horses. Also, the relatedness of certain mustangs and the Sorraia horse was determined through mtDNA sequencing.